行业资讯

直补有助稳定供应 棉花中期看空

日期:2014-04-11
2014年4月5日,国家发展改革委、财政部、农业部联合发布2014年棉花目标价格,为每吨19800元。分析认为,用棉花目标价格补贴政策替代收储政策,将降低棉价波动对新疆植棉面积的影响,有利于稳定供应,中期看棉市影响偏空。
 
在临时收储政策下,一般由国家在新棉种植前(2-3月份)公布下年度收储价,并根据收储价核算下年度籽棉收购价,加工企业交储必须提供籽棉收购凭证,若加工厂收购籽棉的价格低于国家公布的籽棉收购指导价,则不允许交储。临时收储政策下,国家保障棉农收益需要通过加工流通环节来实现。由于加工成本较高,棉花流通成本较高,对纺织企业不利。
 
而2014/2015年度取代临时收储政策、将要实施的棉花目标价格直补政策,则越过加工流通环节,直接将目标价格与市场价格的差价补贴给实施直补区域的棉农,棉农的综合收益为籽棉交售价与国家直接补贴之和。加工厂只要根据市场价格确定籽棉收购成本即可。加工流通环节不承担“托市”义务,棉花市场流通成本将大大降低,有利于纺织用棉企业降低原料成本。
 
国家近期虽确定直补目标价格为19800元/吨,但未公布具体实施细则,市场担心直补政策在实际落实中存在侵占、克扣现象,影响棉农实际收益及种植积极性,使直补政策实际效果大打折扣。据悉,国家将采取每周价格监测的方式制定补贴基础价,与粮食补贴相似,给棉农发放一卡通,将补贴直接发到棉农手里,具体政策有望在4月底或5月初敲定。
 
综上所述,棉花直补目标价格制度与临时收储政策存在本质的不同,在实施效果上将有利于稳定新疆棉花种植面积及棉花供应,降低棉花流通成本、对棉价影响偏空,期棉中期偏空格局未改。
 
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